Mid-term Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mid-term - Assignment Example speed, he utilizes his psyche to deceive the tiger with a glass ball, which the tiger in the wake of seeing its picture on the mirror trusts it is the fledgling and even nestles it, permitting the tracker to escape with the genuine offspring (White 7). a. Entrances with unpretentious and curved segments that appear to be stressed by the weight. The gateways have been scrutinized that they may surrender to the substantial weight that they support however they have stood the trial of time. The Donation of Constantine is the understanding of the Holy Trinity. The blessed trinity alludes to three God in one, depicted as the dad, the child and the Holy Spirit. It was significant in the Middle Ages since it assisted with clarifying the improvement of the Roman confidence. It clarifies the move from the time of revering icons to the acknowledgment of the cutting edge confidence. Sylvester, the all inclusive pontiff, has helped in spreading the cutting edge gospel. Sylvester changed the observation that the creator had about the divine beings Peter and Paul, and disclosed to them that they were witnesses (Halsall 1). The subject of this entry is love. It obviously draws out the different parts of two individuals who love and fortune one another. The woman admits that his solitary dread is losing him. The man who is the ruler treats the excellent animal like a wonder of nature which he had never observed. He arranges that the animal ought to be taken care of well and given beverage. Each and every other man appreciates the delightful animal who is delineated by the lord as an extremely exceptional one. The subject of adoration is established by the explanation that the couple would consistently visit puts together, and none of them would permit to be isolated from the other. The entry identifies with the course in that it adds to the adequacy of utilization of allegorical language, regularly utilized during the medieval period. The entry was composed by Marie de France and deciphered by Judith P. Shoaf in 1996 (France, para 12). The topic of the content is religion. It portrays the confidence and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. The

Feasibility Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Achievability Report - Essay Example This pattern is bolstered by the expanding request of the tablets from the developing markets far and wide. In the examination, numerous individuals uncovered their inclination to tablets to be founded on its easy to use nature, tastefulness and comfort. As indicated by Richard Shim, an investigator and an individual from the group who led the exploration, purchasers persistently move towards versatile figuring against the customary note pad, a pattern that has gotten well in develop showcases around the globe. For instance, tablet PCs are relied upon to develop by yearly normal of 28% in the following 5 years inside the develop markets of United States, Japan, and West Europe. The test for HP is to guarantee it fabricate tablets that are smooth and in vogue, which will resound with the undeniably in vogue buyer. In a market where web business goliaths, for example, Google and Microsoft have overwhelmed through their lead tablets in the market, it is legitimate to take note of that a ny disappointment by the HP to grasp the tablet market will bargain a major hit to its piece of the pie. The system is to guarantee the organization keeps up or improve its 16% piece of the pie around the worldwide utilization of PC use. Issue articulation: While numerous tablet makers have concentrated their tablet piece of the overall industry inside the set up or rather develop markets, HP has not included itself in the assembling of tablets regardless of the developing pattern in the tablet PC use the world over. Organizations, for example, Apple, Samsung, Microsoft, and Google have united their piece of the overall industry in the tablet PC fabricating, leaving HP despite everything battling with its note pad PCs. A point to note, notwithstanding, is that a significant number of these organizations just center their items towards develop markets. This pattern leaves the hole in the developing markets, which are relied upon to develop in equivalent measure in the anticipated yea r. HP can bring a jump into the developing markets, which appear to be finding the built up business sectors in the tablet PC use every day. In any case, this ought not imply that HP needs to disregard the develop markets, which sets patterns for the developing markets. The organization, notwithstanding, can create modest however tasteful tablets to coordinate the purchasing patterns in developing markets. An appropriate report, in any case, will be expected to guarantee an estimating standards, plan and utilization pattern is built up. The objective of this examination is to set up the utilization pattern, both in the develop just as developing markets. Approach: The exploration will to a great extent be a web based, and calls. This examination will include web look on what clients of contenders state on online gatherings, structure online surveys, just as input structures for HP note pad clients. This system will guarantee that data about the set up and developing markets are char acterized, the customers’ practices, and the future business possibilities of the two markets. This exploration will incorporate securing of items data, examination of the current brands, profiling of the clients brain research, and topographical data. Record Specification: Project portrayal Windows 8 application has been utilized by various firms in improving both their versatile and tablet applications. This has been the situation through mix with different applications to suite needs of the organization. For example, PageSuite is one of the organizations that have coordinated Windows 8 with different applications to suite

How Skin Picking Shares Similarities With OCD

How Skin Picking Shares Similarities With OCD OCD Types Print How Pathologic Skin Picking Is Related to OCD By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 17, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on December 13, 2019 Science Photo Library / Getty Images More in OCD Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Living With OCD Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Prevalence Link to OCD Differential Diagnosis Treatments View All Back To Top Pathologic skin picking,  or excoriation, is a mental illness in which you compulsively pick your skin to remove small irregularities such as moles or freckles, causing skin lesions. Its classified as a disorder thats related to  obsessive-compulsive disorder  (OCD) and its symptoms certainly share some similarities with those found in OCD.?? Symptoms of Pathologic Skin Picking The main characteristic of pathologic skin picking also referred to as excoriation or dermatillomania, is repetitive or compulsive picking, or even digging, in the skin to the point of causing skin damage, scarring and/or infection??. It is not uncommon for people with skin picking to engage in picking for several hours per day. As a result, people with pathologic skin picking often have difficulty maintaining steady employment or interpersonal relationships. When picking, people may use their fingers, tweezers, pins or other instruments to remove a perceived blemish. Common areas of focus include the face, back, neck, and scalp. Although picking can involve normal skin, picking is most commonly triggered by small blemishes, imperfections, scabs, and insect bites. Symptoms of skin picking can be similar to those of OCD.?? Prior to picking, many people describe a compulsion-like urge to pick at imperfections in the skin and a relief of anxiety when the imperfection is removed. Later, however, the person may feel shame or be embarrassed about his picking, which can often lead to depression. Prevalence Approximately 2 to 4 percent of the population is affected by pathological skin picking.?? Interestingly, most people seeking treatment are female. Skin picking can start at any age but usually begins in adolescence with the onset of skin conditions such as acne, eczema, or psoriasis. Skin picking, or excoriation, is diagnosed when the individual has tried unsuccessfully to lessen or even stop the picking, which causes excessive distress and anxiety and impairs daily functioning.?? Link to OCD Not surprisingly, there appears to be a strong link between skin picking and OCD.?? Skin picking occurs in people with OCD at a much higher rate than the general population. Also, skin picking is often tied to body dysmorphic disorder, which involves a preoccupation with imagined bodily defects.?? So while its not technically OCD, skin picking is classified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) as an obsessive-compulsive related disorder.?? Differential Diagnosis Before making a diagnosis of dermatillomania, in other words, skin picking as a mental health disorder related to OCD, its important to rule out other possible causes of the picking.?? Its also important to note that all picking is pathological. Picking that is considered on the spectrum of OCD usually causes significant distress and impairment of ordinary activities. Some problems which could be mistaken for picking include:?? Skin infections such as  scabies. Scabies can be extremely itchy, but it often missed when it occurs in well-groomed middle-class people. The scratching which almost always accompanies the itch can obscure the diagnosis.Skin diseases such as eczema.Systemic (bodywide) diseases. Elevated bilirubin levels from liver disease can cause intense itching. Itching may also accompany many other medical conditions.Chemical dependency on drug use or withdrawal. Treatments for Skin Picking Skin picking often causes considerable embarrassment and distress as a result of the unsightly wounds caused by picking, as well as the lengths the affected person may have to go to conceal her picking, such as wearing long sleeves during warm summer months or covering her face with a scarf. Unfortunately, many people do not seek treatment because of the embarrassment associated with skin picking. This can be dangerous or even life-threatening as people often require medical interventions for their skin wounds, which can easily become infected.?? Find Relief From These Online Therapy Programs Skin picking appears to respond best to treatment with cognitive-behavior therapy  (CBT). Medications, often selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors  (SSRIs) may be needed.?? If you are experiencing symptoms that you think might be skin picking, be sure to talk to your doctor or mental health professional.

Decision Making And Planning Of The Military Essay

Decision Making and Planning in the Military SSG Stephen Raya Non-commission Officers Academy Senior Leader Course Class # 174-17 Phase 1 dL Abstract The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) and Troop Leading Procedures (TLPs) are tools that leaders can use to effectively plan and organize a mission or event. It is important to have an understanding of these steps and how to apply them. In addition, there are characteristics associated with successful leaders that aid in the processes. This paper is an overview of the MDMP and TLPs. It will also cover essential leadership attributes and competencies and the roles and responsibilities of the Commander’s staff in executing the MDMP. The paper will conclude with a personal experience of applying TLPs to execute an event. Introduction Execution and accomplishment of the mission is the creed by which all Soldiers live. These missions can range from simple everyday operations to large organized missions that can either win or lose wars. As leaders, it’s important to have an understanding of how to plan and organize a mission. The military has protocol by which missions are constructed. The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP), is a tool that provides leaders with the knowledge needed to make best decision to satisfy the Commander’s intent. In addition, Troop Leading Procedures (TLPs) is a step by step process that enables leaders to â€Å"develop, plan and prepare for an operation (Department ofShow MoreRelatedMilitary Decision Making Process647 Words   |  3 PagesMilitary decision making process (MDMP) The MDMP is the Armys solution to decision-making and assists the commander and staff in developing a plan and estimates. The MDMP is analytical and detailed through all levels. The commander decides the procedures to use in each instance, his plan hinges on clear visualization, and he uses the entire staff to make his plan. The steps in the MDMP are the following: Receipt of mission - the structure starts with orders issued by higher headquarters of anRead MoreMilitary Decision Making Process ( Mdmp ) Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pages Military Decision Making Process SGT Williams, Christina Non-Commissioned Officers Academy Advance Leaders Course Class # 172-16 Phase 1 DL Abstract The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) is a decision-making model to assist military members in making sound military decisions and to compile operation orders. This paper will describe MDMP and show how it can be applied to daily operations. The paper will identify the steps in the model and describe how critical thinkingRead MoreThe Importance of Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagesone who by virtue of assumed role or assigned responsibility inspires and influences peoples to accomplish organizational goals. She or He motivates people both inside and outside the chain of command to pursue actions, focus thinking, and shape decisions for the greater good of the organization.1† But for him to do that effectively and efficiently , he has to be prepared, shaped and refined. There are few institutions to prepare such leaders and CGSC is one of those institutions which are mandatedRead MoreThe Army Design Methodology ( Adm )1477 Words   |  6 PagesOperation Iraqi Freedom, the US military ended with varied to questionable results. This is because US policymakers and military leaders did not adjust to the emergence of new conditions due to their dependence on medium structure problem framing. The Army Design Methodology (ADM) is a tool military organizations should use in adaptive environments to develop solutions for complex problems. To understand why the ADM is a critical tool for military organizations, military professionals need to understandRead MoreMilitary Decision Making Process Essay885 Words   |  4 PagesIn the view of global security,(2011) The military decision making process abbreviated as MDMP is a planning model that establishes procedures for analyzing a mission, developing and comparing courses of action(COA) that are best suited to accomplish the higher commander’s intention and mission. The MDMP comprise of seven stages and each stage depends on the previous step to produce its own output . This means that a mistake in the early stage will affect all the other stages that follow. These stepsRead MoreJimmy Doolittle : A Visionary And Ethical Leader1599 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders in our military and aviation history. Jimmy Doolittle was a visionary and ethical leader based on his display of Idealized influence from the core lesson of full range leadership by leading one of the most daring military operations in our history. He showed us how to manage change, even when the change was unpopular. He also displayed ethical leadership in his decision-making and planning at critical times during WWII, demonstrating the three D’s of ethical principles when making a strategicRead MoreTeam Importance Week 3 Hcs 3251005 Words   |  5 Pages Teams are used in many different ways in other industries, such as the military, for example. This sets examples for the health care industry as to how teams might be used similarly there compared to somewhere like the governme nt jobs. However, nothing is easy like saying the alphabet. In any industry, conflict does arise, and having the knowledge of problem solving is very good to have in order to make an educated decision for the health care organization. Goals In the call center, thereRead MoreMaterial Flows And Inventory Policy During Military Scm1484 Words   |  6 PagesPolicy in Military SCM According to Major Joshua M. Lenzini in his article Anticipatory Logistics: The Army’s Answer to Supply Chain Management, â€Å"Supply chain management is similar for both corporate and military organizations. However, some significant differences are evident in these models. The first is the absence of maintenance on the corporate model. Another is that transportation, distribution, and warehousing are unidirectional in the corporate model but dual directional in the military modelRead MoreHuman Resource Management and Regulations1323 Words   |  5 PagesHR Management and Regulations 1. Employment at Will Employment at Will law is highly relevant to the Personnel Planning functions of Human Resources Management. Personnel Planning sometimes involves the termination of competent and otherwise desirable employees due to financial or organizational challenges coming from the employers side. In at-will employment relationship, the employer and employee agree at the outset that the employer may terminate the employment relationship for any timeRead More Strategic Planning Paper1117 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The history of strategic planning begins in the military. According to Websters New World Dictionary, strategy is quot;the science of planning and directing large-scale military operations, of maneuvering forces into the most advantageous position prior to actual engagement with the enemyquot; (Guralnic, 1986). Although our understanding of strategy and applying strategic planning in management has been transformed from a point of military maneuvering to one that ai m’s to achieve

I, Too By Langston Hughes - 881 Words

Imagine being born in a country where one is limited to their surrounding by their identity; imagine being born in to a country where your kind is look shame upon, where one is limited just because of your skin color, and where neighboring superior rules over you with no regards. This was the America before the civil right movement that started in 1954. After experiencing racial discrimination and racism in college, Langston Hughes dropped put and decide to move to Harem and began his work their as a poet, and social activist. One of famous work is the poem called, â€Å"I, Too†, it explores the history of racial prejudice, from its present toward the longing future. This ambitious poem expresses the speaker’s resistance to forbid under the pressure of the oppression, and the battle to preserve his sense of identity while working toward a future with equality. Throughout the poem the speaker expresses the racial inequality that he or she experiences, and soon how it w ill all change, although the speaker was using singular noun throughout the poem it actually is plural. These singular plural were not meant to describe one individual, but the whole black community as a whole to oppress racial prejudice and its struggle toward a racial equality future. It first begins with â€Å"I, too, sing America,†(l 1) with no identity given to the speaker, nor any mentions of the others to whom the speaker is singing it to. The first line opens up questions for its audiences as to why the speakerShow MoreRelatedIn Langston Hughes â€Å"I, Too, Sing America†. Langston Hughes,1352 Words   |  6 Pages In Langston Hughes â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† Langston Hughes, â€Å"I too, Sing America† chronicles an African-American male’s struggle with patriotism in an age of inequality and segregation in the United States. The poem cleverly uses metaphors to represent racial segregation faced by African-Americans during the early twentieth century. The speaker presents a cry for equality and acceptance, and his words are a plea and a declaration for equality. Although, the poem does not directly imply racism, theRead MoreAnalysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes881 Words   |  4 PagesENG 102-71 Poetry Mini Research Paper 10/29/17 Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† Langston Hughes was a renowned poet and writer during the Harlem Renaissance. His background shaped the overall themes of his poems. Segregation and equality were the main subjects for Hughes’s writing. Langston Hughes wrote about the racial discrimination that African Americans faced during the Harlem Renaissance, and this theme resonated throughout the poem â€Å"I, Too†. Hughes was one of the boldest African American writersRead More I, Too by Langston Hughes Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesI, Too by Langston Hughes A situation can be interpreted into several different meanings when observed through the world of poetry. A poet can make a person think of several different meanings to a poem when he or she is reading it. Langston Hughes wrote a poem titled I, Too. In this poem he reveals the Negro heritage and the pride that he has in his heritage and in who he is. Also, Hughes uses very simple terms that allow juvenile interpretations and reading. The poem begins I, tooRead MoreAnalysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes1018 Words   |  5 PagesLangston Hughes was one of the most prominent African American writers of the twentieth century. He worked through a variety of mediums, including playwriting, songwriting, newspaper articles, memoirs, and poetry. Throughout all of his works, he constantly promoted and exhibited the rich culture and heritage of African Americans. He also made a great deal of racial commentary in his writings. His poems â€Å"I, too† and â€Å"Mother to Son† particularly illustrate these topics. Through the three poems, HughesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes771 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.† ( pg 261 # pgh 3 ). This quote comes from Dr. Martin Luther King jr. on I have a dream and is interesting because how they were supposed to be free when abraham lincoln along time ago but still arent free . This person s aid this during the Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement was â€Å"The civil rights movement was a mass popular movement to secure for African Americans equal access to and opportunities for the basic privilegesRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s I, Too1077 Words   |  5 Pageswhat make a true American. In â€Å"I, Too,† Langston Hughes discusses the theme of racial equality through the use of metaphor, symbolism, and imagery. Langston Hughes was born on February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Hughes parents James Hughes and Carrie Langston divorced because James studied law and was denied permission by the all-white examining board to take the Oklahoma Territory exam. James Hughes decided to move to Mexico to practice law freely. Carrie Langston moved to Lawrence to find anRead MoreI Too, Sing America By Langston Hughes925 Words   |  4 PagesTashi Wangyal Prof. Hendrickson English 102 29 June 2017 Futurist-The Langston Hughes In his poem â€Å"I, too, sing America,† Langston Hughes has positively predict that there will be no racial segregation, inequality, injustice, and discrimination in society for African Americans in the near future. Whereas it is also true that African Americans have suffered a lot during the twentieth century. Hughes is correct in his prediction that he foresees racial equality in society and African Americans areRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem I, Too978 Words   |  4 Pages Langston Hughes America, the ideals of freedom, equality, and opportunity traditionally held to be available to every American. This is what everyone was told, what the Declaration of Independence states. But, Langston Hughes a black American poet in the Harlem Renaissance period saw the truth. Being an African American in the United States during the early 1900’s was difficult. Many lived a life full of hardships; segregation, prejudice and economic hardships, viewed as second-class citizensRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem, I, Too1193 Words   |  5 Pagesrights against those who tries to take it away. In the poem, I, Too, Langston Hughes shows that to be an American means that you should refuse to buckle under awful pressures. The speaker, an African American man, was denied the rights to sit down at the dinner table when company comes. However, the speaker â€Å"laugh and eat well and [grew] strong† then no one will dare say to him â€Å"eat in the kitchen† then. The African American man â€Å"too, am America.† The speaker decided to take the time in the kitchenRead MoreRobert Hayden And I, Too, Sing America By Langston Hughes1706 Words   |  7 PagesIn the poems â€Å"Frederick Douglass† by Robert Hayden and â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† by Langston Hughes, both authors engage in the common themes of race, oppression, and freedom, but Hayden contextualizes the theme in a wider mindset instead of narrowing it down to just black oppression, while Langston contextualizes the theme with a direct approach to black oppression and freedom. Not only a re the approaches to the topic different, but they also relate through the messages that they are conveying about

A critical discussion on the ethics of abortion Free Essays

Most cultures accept the premises that it is wrong to kill another human being. If murder is an absolute truth, cultures, which allow killing, can be persuaded through reason that murder is wrong. For example the Aztec empire when discovered in the 16th century would keep human blood pouring down the steps of their teocallis (Aztec temples). We will write a custom essay sample on A critical discussion on the ethics of abortion? or any similar topic only for you Order Now They did this because they believed without constant human sacrifices the cosmos would stop existing. Simple reasoning tells us this is not the case; human sacrifice doesn’t make a difference to the cosmos. However, are we wrong to judge other cultures and people by are own standards? Are we not being liberal and open minded enough? Well if that is the case I will make up my own rules and kill YOU now! I believe you disagree with that. Absolute truths are there for a reason, to be obeyed. If absolute truths exist, it is logical to assume that there are absolute truths for everyone; otherwise it wouldn’t be an absolute truth. For the person who cries out â€Å"I am the god of my own universe†¦ there are no absolutes,† I ask them, â€Å"are they ABSOLUTELY sure about that!!! † and, if you are the â€Å"god of your own universe†, then I am the god of mine and I say it is fine for me to kill you. Surely this is ridiculous? However the wrongness of killing is not primarily explained by the brutalisation of the killer but rather the premature ceasing of life for the individual. What the individual is being deprived of is not a past life but a future existence, a loss of future consciousness. So IF it is wrong to kill other human beings, what IS a human? Biologically humans are made when the egg with 23 chromosomes joins a sperm with 23 chromosomes; this creates a fertilised egg called a zygote, which has 46 chromosomes. Therefore this is the beginning of life. The egg by itself is not alive and the sperm by itself is not alive. Life can only come into existence when the sperm meets the egg and develops. Therefore I say to Catholics, that using contraception in sex is no more killing a potential baby than a Catholic person masturbating. A potential life is ONLY formed when the egg meets the sperm and growth begins. A sperm or egg on it’s own is not a potential life just the ingredients for life. For a sperm or egg on their own do not contain the complete DNA of a human. Life is only formed when both the egg and sperm meet (we are all DNA, we are all life). SCIENCE tells us that the instance the egg meets the sperm; a complete set of unique DNA is formed that will last a lifetime. Everyone in the world is unique and science tells us this uniqueness was formed mile-seconds after conception. The unique DNA holds the complete characteristics of the future baby, child, teenager and old man. For the fetus, the baby and the old man are one in the same DNA. Therefore from the moment of conception the complete characteristic’s of what we will be is established. Defendants of abortion disagree with the premises that the fetus is a human being from the moment of conception and instead believe as Thomas states â€Å"only a bit of tissue that will become a person at birth. † Therefore this statement suggests a person’s rights only begins after birth. This statement therefore is saying a fetus in its first weeks has the same rights as a fetus hours before birth. However how many people would accept to aborting a baby just before birth? Though according to the pro-abortionist the fetus is only a bit of tissue, until birth when it becomes a person with rights. However to determine the moral status of abortion you must distinguish what attributes are needed to be a member of the moral community, what does it means to be a person with rights? Mary Anne Warren defines a human being as â€Å"a full-fledged member of the moral community that is also a human being. † These are moral entities capable of respecting and inventing moral rights. To be morally human Warren identifies certain traits that must be present such as sentience, emotionality, reason and self-awareness. Therefore you can spot species, which deserve moral respect from these traits. She uses an example of an alien arriving and using these qualities to determine whether it deserves moral respect. If these behaviours cannot be identified in certain species then they cannot be given moral respect and be regarded as â€Å"a person. † She distinguishes this â€Å"moral sense† from the â€Å"genetic sense† of a human. Warren believes that for abortion to be wrong you must prove whatever is genetically human to also be morally human. She believes fetus’s can only be genetically human and therefore do not fall under the category of a human, thus forfeiting human moral rights. Despite Warren’s observation that a seven-month-old fetus can feel pain and respond to external stimuli, she reasons that this still does not put the fetus under the category of personhood. Therefore she concludes a seven month fetus is no more a person than none human animals. However if only those people who have psychological attributes of a person can enter into moral contracts with others, what then is our duty not to inflict pain and suffering on animals or to another level small babies. Suffering however is a misfortune when experienced by us, so we should therefore uphold and shun away from participating in the suffering of animals or other humans. For if we are going to kill animals or infants we will do so in a way, which brings about the least amount of suffering. Regarding animals Kant has argued that treating animals with care is important for the sole reason that in doing so mans heart won’t harden in their treatment of humans. However Feinburg shows treating infants with care is important because they need to be trained in moral behaviour so by treating them with care benefits us. However this argument shows, just as we can treat with care the infants we intend to keep we can kill the infants we intend to discard. In the same way we can treat with care the fetus’s we intend to keep but discard the fetus’s we don’t want. Warren argues in some situations it can be practical anyway to abort babies or even young infants. This is in cases when the current population is unable to sustain new life. It seems barbaric that creatures, which possess developed social structures and morals could result to such behaviour. From a utilitarian perspective however in some circumstances this outcome could be argued the most beneficial to the majority of society. However in normal circumstances it seems absurd to pick and choose infants who can live or die which could be argued have the same moral standing as fetus’s or animals. Bearing in mind this Don marquis believes a different approach is needed, this approach regards the question of whether the fetus deserves the right to life. A premature death results in the loss of the future goods of consciousness therefore killing is wrong because it deprives a person of a â€Å"future like ours. Fetus’s will became human and develop and grow into sentient creatures therefore having dispositions like ours, so does this mean they deserve the same chance as us? The misfortune of contracting an incurable disease is that the disease denies that person a future like ours that they would otherwise have and which they would no doubt rather have. The will to live is strong for life is sweet, and because we recognise this, doctors will do their up most to preserve someone’s life who is unconscious or suicidal because they don’t want to deny the person the chance to have a future like ours. In the same way a fetus or infant whether unconscious or not deserves a chance to experience future consciousness for no one would like their future conscious or the chance to have a future consciousness prematurely eliminated. However the future like ours argument does pose some problems. The degrees of wrongness in killing do seem to be in proportion with the victim’s age. For a 5-year-old child has more potential future than an 80-year-old man, leading from this it would seem more right to deny an 80 year old man a future like ours than a 5 year old child. However stating as Marquis puts it, â€Å"adopting the legal equality of murder†, can put down this criticism. Some have argued that contraception is denying a potential FLO when conception is possible. However since at the time of conception there is no individual to be harmed, there is no entity with a FLO, there is just millions of possible potential FLO but nothing with an actual one. For in the case of contraception nothing has been harmed therefore their was no potential suffering. Despite pro-abortionists disagreeing to â€Å"drawing a line† to where a fetus becomes a human with rights, many agree that the fetus has become a person with characteristics well before birth. Are they drawing a line here? Do you draw the line at the birth of the child which when born still does not necessarily posses the qualities of personhood. Does this mean you can treat small babies like animal’s which its characteristics are more similar to, however as I mentioned earlier, causing suffering is wrong. Surely you should treat the baby like the species it is from with the set of morals that it will grow into. All species under the banner of the same DNA should be treated with the same moral respect even if they haven’t developed the capacity or will never – such as disabled people. These people have observed and agreed that a young fetus does have human characteristics such as internal organs, limbs and brain activity. However the developments of this young fetus have all come from the DNA initiated moments after conception, therefore the moment of conception is the beginning of the person, which then will grow. However pro-abortionists still argue that at conception the fetus is just a clump of cells and no more a person than an acorn is an oak tree and no more valuable than a lifeless rock. Thomson suggests that even if life begins at conception it does not necessarily follow that abortion is morally impermissible. He suggests the possibility that a women’s right to decide is stronger than a fetus’s right to life and that to deny a women the choice of abortion is to deny her the right to control her own body. This is outlined by the use of an analogy of a famous violinist. I would like to suggest that this is not an acceptable argument in the debate about abortion because there is a different duty in sustaining life and looking after new life, which originates in you. The analogy states that you have been kidnapped and connected to a violinist in order to keep him alive and only you have the qualities for this purpose, to unplug yourself from him would result in the violinists’ death. This analogy is suggesting that all human beings have a right to life and dispite unwillingly being connected to the violinist, disconnecting yourself would not be giving the violinist a right to life. To stay consistent the anti-abortionist would have to stay in bed with the violinist however long that may be because all humans have a right to life. This analogy is trying to suggest that someone’s right to decide what they do to their body is greater than someone’s right to life? I’m sure you would be outraged if you were unwillingly and knowingly put in this situation. Although if you were feeling generous you might decide to save the violinist by staying connected, if 1 hour of being connected to him would save his life. However that is the individual personal decision to make. A law, which required you to stay in bed with the violinist, would be an unjust law. If the right to decide is greater then the right to life, Thomson is saying, then the anti-abortionists premise of life beginning at conception is irrelevant. This analogy is trying to distinguish whether people who oppose abortion will make an acceptation, if the conception was due to rape and therefore as the violinist analogy puts forward, the participant was unwilling. Therefore do some people have a less of a right to life than others? Surely there is no distinction between the circumstance that life is created, life is life and people have the same feelings however conception takes place. A test tube baby is still an original, unique life. Rape is wrong but is it right to punish the innocent party (the baby). If anyone is going to be killed as a result of rape, surely that should be the rapist?! A pro-abortionist could argue that the mother is the innocent party and therefore is being punished through the conception. Again the question comes down to the premises of whether a right to life is greater than the right to choose. However just because a fetus is down to rape doesn’t make that new life any less important – it is still a life. However I would like to suggest that there is a difference in sustaining life and promoting new life. There is a difference of responsibility in life as a result of a pregnant women (regarding the fetus. For all of us need our organs to function and we don’t have a responsibility to sacrifice ourselves and are organs or freedom to sustain life randomly because we are life ourselves and have the same right to sustain our life and not give are bodies to the goodness of life for everyone. If this statement is wrong I challenge everyone to go down to the hospital tomorrow and willingly sacrifice themselves for the good of sustaining life (or violinists! ). However new life is the result of conception, this conception is not sustaining life but rather giving new life, this is completely different. The violinist analogy poses the question that there is a ladder of people who have more right to life than others. A human chose that the violinist’s life was more important to sustain than the person who was attached to him, what about the violinists responsibility to promote life. If someone is being forced to keep you alive, life isn’t being promoted but the opposite is occurring. The violinist analogy automatically assumes that one person is more valuable to sustain than another. Therefore this leads us to the question; can we use a person who is less valuable to society in order to sustain the life of someone who brings more value to society, such as use murderers and rapists in this way and their organs? The question this raises is, what human has the right to decide who lives or dies or how you use your body. In the violinist analogy a human decided that someone’s life was not as valuable as the violinist’s. The anti-abortionist can argue that this example is not acceptable to the debate. There is a difference in sacrificing yourself to SUSTAIN existing life and sacrificing yourself to KEEP new life. Existing life was their before you decided or were forced to sustain it (e. g. sustaining the violinist) but new life originates in the person and wasn’t around before. The person who was attached to the violinist was attached to sustain the violinist’s life NOT to keep a new unique life. A new life comes into existence though conception at birth. The person attached to the violinist was sustaining his life but the violinist did not originate in the person that was attached to him, it was a different situation and not properly relevant to the abortion debate. The issue is complicated if the mothers life is in danger as a result of the pregnancy. If we conclude that all have a right to life, can we add to the mothers write to life the right to decide? Theirs no doubt the mother unlike the fetus has the opportunity to decide and if she is acting in a way as to save herself, she is acting in self-defence. Thomson here uses the house analogy here to illustrating that a women has a write to defend herself from the threat of an innocent baby in the example a women and child are both in a house, the child is growing and will eventually unknowingly crush the women. This illustration is designed to provoke us. However is it the women’s body to decide? For the women is a carrier and the baby is a separate life. Thomson does say that it is indecent for seven-month pregnant women to have an abortion so she can go on a trip to Europe. People instead should get their priorities in order. Thomson believes each situation should be judged on its own merits. For an example she believes it acceptable for a 14-year-old pregnant rape victim to have an abortion to relieve the trauma but the situation changes if a pregnant women changes her mind or became pregnant because of no contraception. In other words a person behaves in a way that could have been avoided. However as more and more people start using abortion as a form of contraception we should ask the question, what did the sexual revolution of the sixties bring us? It brought us, sexual diseases, single parents, less stability, aids, increased abortions – â€Å"free love† is starting to look more like â€Å"free death†. The issue of abortion comes down to people’s own moral belief. Human logic can dictate, which I have highlighted that abortion could be justified in extreme circumstances although should not be used constantly as a form of contraception. However the biblical view states very clearly that abortion is a sin. From the moment of conception the DNA cells have divided into areas and the characteristics of that life has been established. In the eyes of God therefore it has been given the breath of life. How to cite A critical discussion on the ethics of abortion?, Papers

Soylent Green Essays - 9, Today, Nineteen Eighty-Four, Dystopia

Soylent Green Our life and the lives of the people we love is, and always will be the most important part of our existence as human creatures. We are mammals, we are animals just like the tiger that wonders through the pasture, the elephant who stampedes a heard of zebra, and the whale that gracefully glides though the ocean. We have characteristics of all these and many other mammals that we see and encounter everyday. What would happen if books were band? Or we were watched every day by a camera, or were forced to eat our own species without us even know it. In the three movies that were adapted from novels the authors have changed the perfect world that we know of and brought to the forefront the grim reality of what our beautiful lives are really like. Although the measures taken in the novels are very drastic many of the same themes can be found in our present society. The authors have tribe to bring to our attention what lives are like if for on day one aching minute our lives are not in our hands but in the hands of a greater power. The basic theme of the novel 1984 is that if we don't watch out 1984 will find us. We need to realize, when we are being intruded upon by the government just a little too much. If the government proposes a new chip to be placed into all telecommunications devices so that it can tap into them. We have to stop it. (This is not hypothetical, the government proposed "The Clipper Chip" which would be used to listen to our encoded conversations, and to see our data communications. We would be safe from our neighbors, but not from our government.) The author's predictions of the future are really advice, "Don't let the government control every aspect of your private lives." If we allow this we will be turned into robots of the system. Perhaps it is also a look at what is already. In many ways we are controlled, we are robots. In kindergarten we are taught how to be that way. "Stand in a line, don't talk, hands out of pockets, fire drill, bells ringing." We are truly controlled by words and bells. Nine-teen-eighty-four has come and gone, however that doesn't mean we are safe. The author's view of the future is no longer even close to accurate. It will NEVER happen that way. No, today we have far BETTER ways of this happening. With computers containing almost all data, which can be quickly erased in large numbers at the touch of a but-ton, information is much easier to "rectify." With new technology we could hide micro-phones in the fabric of clothing. Video cameras are smaller today. They could be worn about people. Maybe in the future be implanted in them. Orwell's future is dead. The reality is that it could be even worse. Orwell should NOT be discredited, he should be listened to and praised. There are measures going through congress now that will inhibit our rights in the future. Our own congress makes measures to give themselves raises. They won't vote yes on such bills as term limits. It is not inconceivable that a bill could pass to law saying that the president and congress shall stay in power forever. They could even convince us to allow it to happen. Hitler did it when he became leader. This is the future Orwell predicted, he just didn't have it exact. Perhaps it is closer than we think only being shaded by conspirators. Fahrenheit 451 is a novel about men and women who are torn away from the reality of life and told what to do and when to do it. I suppose they really would have nothing else to do with their lives if they've all thought the same. They're pretty much out of touch with reality. But if people get out of touch with reality, how can they have the ability to think intelligently? To avoid reality and conflict, the people in Bradbury's book have al-lowed themselves to be diverted by technological entertainment. The entertainment, like TV, has provided a distraction or diversion for this society. As a result of this distraction, they have quit reading anything complex or insightful. Hopefully, our world won't meet Bradbury's predictions. Of course it won't, will it? Well, at least we know that to avoid the consequences the society of "Fahrenheit 451" faced, we must keep in touch with individuality

Definition and Examples of Abbreviations in English

Definition and Examples of Abbreviations in English An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase, such as Jan. for January. The abbreviated form of the word abbreviation is  abbr. - or, less commonly, abbrv. or abbrev. In American English, many abbreviations are followed by a period (Dr., Ms.). In contrast, British usage generally favors omitting the period (or full stop) in abbreviations that include the first and last letters of a single word (Dr, Ms). When an abbreviation appears at the end of a sentence, a single period serves both to mark the abbreviation and to close the sentence. Linguist David Crystal notes that abbreviations are a major component of the English writing system, not a marginal feature. The largest dictionaries of abbreviations contain well over half a million entries, and their number is increasing all the time (Spell It Out, 2014). Here are some common examples of variousl types of abbreviations: AcronymBackronymCommonly Confused Latin Abbreviations in EnglishCommon Revision Symbols and AbbreviationsCommon Scholarly AbbreviationsE.g. and I.e.Etc. and Et al.InitialeseInitialismLogograph Etymology Abbreviation comes from the Latin word brevis meaning short. Examples and Observations In general, spell out the names of government bureaus and agencies, well-known organizations, companies, etc., on first reference. In later references, use short forms like the agency or the company when possible because handfuls of initials make for mottled typography and choppy prose.Abbreviations may be ironic, humorous, or whimsical: for example, the rail link between the town of Bedford and the London station of St. Pancras is locally known as the Bedpan Line; a comparable link for Boston, New York, and Washington is the Bosnywash circuit. Comments on life may be telescoped into such sardonic packages as: BOGSAT a Bunch Of Guys Sitting Around a Table (making decisions about other people); GOMER Get Out of My Emergency Room (said by physicians to hypochondriacs); MMMBA Miles and Miles of Bloody Africa (an in-group term among people who have to travel those miles); TGIF Thank God Its Friday (after a particularly hard working week).AbbrevesToday, the fave (for favorite’) abb reves are obvi (a shortening of Thank you, Captain Obvious’) and belig (a clipping of belligerent, retaining the soft g). Nobody in the young-barflies crowd orders the usual’; it’s the yoozh. My grandnephew Jesse concludes sentences with whatev, which is probs (for probably’) whatever. In this cacophony of abbreves, word endings are scattered all over the floor. Go fig. Totes include for at,  Ã‚ £ for pound, % for per cent, and for plus. The ampersand, , is one of the oldest. It is a collapsed version of the Latin word et, and: the bottom circle is whats left of the e, and the rising tail on the right is whats left of the t. Numerals are another kind that we read as 1, 2, 3, etc. as one, two, three... And it is part of the business of learning to read and write to know when we should write words in their logographic form and when to spell them out. Sources A. Siegal,  The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage, 1999 Tom McArthur,  The Oxford Companion to the English Language, 1992 William Safire, Abbreve  That Template.  The New York Times Magazine, May 21, 2009 Jeff Guo, The Totes  Amazesh  Way Millennials Are Changing the English Language.  The Washington Post, January 13, 2016 David Crystal,  Spell It Out. Picador, 2014

Taken Aback

Taken Aback Taken Aback Taken Aback By Maeve Maddox A reader encountering the expression â€Å"taken aback† looked it up in the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, where he found this example of usage: â€Å"I was a little taken aback at the directness of the question.† However, he also found â€Å"taken aback by† and â€Å"taken aback that† in other printed sources. He wants to know what rule, if any, determines what word should follow the expression. â€Å"Taken aback† is used as an adjective meaning â€Å"shocked, amazed, astounded.† In modern usage, it is frequently followed by an adjective complement. Note: An adjective complement is a clause or phrase that adds to the meaning of an adjective or modifies it. The adjective complement always follows the adjective it complements and is a noun clause or a prepositional phrase. A web search yields numerous examples of â€Å"taken aback† followed by a noun clause beginning with that: New Jersey imam â€Å"taken aback† that his mosque was under surveillance Which actress thinks you’re taken aback that she’s ‘easygoing but not necessarily stupid’? Im a little taken aback that you have reg priced a Hasbro F/X star wars lightsaber at 48.00 then put it at 50% off. I was taken aback that this kind of diatribe could actually make [its] way to the general public. When â€Å"taken aback† is followed by a prepositional phrase, the usual preposition used is by, although both with and at are seen. The adverb aback has been in the language since Old English times. Two of its meanings are â€Å"in a backward direction† and â€Å"behind.† As an adverb with the figurative meaning of â€Å"in the past,† aback still occurs in regional dialect: â€Å"Werent it you I saw ride that grey mare over on Wondala a couple of years aback?†(OED example: A. Agar Queensland Ringer (2008) v. 40).â€Å"   Ã‚   The earliest OED example of â€Å"taken aback† to mean â€Å"surprised,† â€Å"shocked,† or â€Å"disconcerted† is dated 1751. This sense arose from a sailing term: taken aback: (transitive verb in the passive) Of a sail: to be suddenly pressed back against the mast, preventing forward progress, either through bad steering or a change in the wind. Of a ship, etc.: to be caught in this way. A person who is â€Å"taken aback† is momentarily â€Å"thrown off course† by some event or remark. Of the 18 examples offered in the OED for both the literal and figurative use of the expression, only four are followed by a prepositional phrase, two of which are governed by with and two of which begin with by. Other dictionaries offer usage examples with the preposition at, but a search on the Google Ngram Viewer suggests that by is by far the most common choice. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherEnglish Grammar 101: Verb MoodWriting a Thank You Note

LAW 2112 EUROPEAN SINGLE MARKET Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

LAW 2112 EUROPEAN SINGLE MARKET - Essay Example This is citizenship in two countries. B) This will allow you to make your family members temporary citizens with you and you will be able to live abroad in the UA nation. 2) To become a citizen, the spouse automatically has their nationality. 3) Children may also take their parents nationality. 4) Extended family can become naturalized. In this process, Citizenship is up to the Home Secretary. They will make a decision about whether a person qualifies. The Secretary will make a decision as it sees fit. There are a number of official requirements for naturalization. The Secretary may wave some of the requirements under certain circumstances. The requirements are as follows: 1) Indefinite right to keep immigration status for a person who does not hold right to adobe in the UA. This person can be admitted to the UA without any time limit to stay. The right of adobe is Irish Citizenship. 2) Must be 18 years of age or older. 3) Must be of sound mind. 4) Must intend to continue to live in the UA or to have Crown service, or a company is established in the UA. 5) Must speak English, Welsh, or Gaelic reasonably well. 6) Must have an understanding of life in UA. 7) Must have good character. 8) Residential requirements must be met. Residential requirements are as follows: 1) Must have been a resident in the UA for at least 5 years (also know as the residential qualifying period), and 2) Must have been present in the UA prior to the date of application, and Must not have spent more than 450 days outside the UA during the 5 year period, and 3) Must not spend more than 90 days not in the UA during a 12 month period, and 4) Must not have breached the Immigration Rules at any time during the 5 years. 5) A child that is born in the UA, where the parents are non British citizens, the child does not receive British status. Spouses and civil partners must do as follows: 1) Must have been a resident in the UA for 3 years prior to the date of the application, and 2) Must have been present in the UA 3 years prior to the application date, and 3) Must not have spent more than 270 days outside of the UA in the past 12 months, of the 3 year period, and 4) In the last 12 months, cannot have spent more than 90 days outside of the UA, and 5) There has been no breach of the immigration rules, during a 3 year period. 6) Before July 1983, only a birth of a legitimate child (born to a married couple) was considered a citizen automatically from the father. At the time of the birth the child is able to have citizenship if the father is able to have indefinite leave or another settled status. The child had automatic British citizenship derived from the father, until July 2006. However, in the instance that the parents are not married at the time of the birth in the United Kingdom and then got married, then the marriage legitimates the child through the father. Although, if the father was a settled British citizen and considered settled in the United Kingdom when the child w as born, the child becomes a citizen starting from the time of the marriage. If a child is born to unmarried parents, the Home Office will usually register the child as a British citizen. . Q) What happens if a marriage breaks up, the spouse is the holder of the British citizenship and the employee is from a country that does not allow dual citizenship? Can the employee travel out of the UA and get back into the country frequently? A) 1)When a marriage or civil partnership permanently dissolves while the partner that retains

The Development and Acceptance of Labor Arbitration Essay

The Development and Acceptance of Labor Arbitration - Essay Example The regulations set in this case do not allow for concessions, therefore it sets clear guidelines to ensure that the bargain is done in good faith and to the benefit of both parties. Arbitration process involves the appointment of a third neutral party (an Arbiter) who will be charged with the duty of holding formal and informal hearings concerning the differences. The Arbiter will then from the facts drawn from the hearings make a conclusion that binds the two warring factions. His decision must be respected as it is enforceable by the law (Coleman, 1997, pp.36-38). This research paper will look into the historical context of the development and acceptance of the arbitration process in the labor field, particularly during the period and prior to WW II and through the war. The paper will also look at one significant case (Morse's Leadership) which resulted into a great impact on the management of labor relations in the past. Arbitration is as old as humanity and has been used in the world over to settle disputes between people and even among nations at war. This paper will zero in on industrial labor arbitration between employers and employees prior and during World War Two. The concept of arbitration was used to prevent the differences between the parties from escalating into chaos and turning tragic due to workers' strikes. The concept became a vital requirement in the 20th Century with the rapid industrialization and formation of labor unions (Hinchcliff, 1991, p.231). In the United States, it started in1935 with the passage of NLR (National Labor Relations) Act and proceeded into and during the WWII. President Roosevelt Franklin saw the need to help iron out the differences in industries that produced steel and other war materials so that the ensuing labor differences may not escalate and lead to shortage war paraphernalia (Hinchcliff, 1991, p.251). Far much more than the World War One, the World Wa r Two involved aggressive commitment of all nations in the globe. The whole human resources as well as the economic resources were directed to combat the vice. Both combatants and the non-combatants were affected and the expansion of the battle field to cover the enemies' boarders dealt a big blow to the world economy. The ability of a country to survive the war was therefore determined by its capacity to handle industrial and personnel requirement during the Great War. These two sectors which were already strained the war only aggravated the situation. There was a need to keep the human capital under control and at the same time produce enough to run the demands of the war. At its infancy, the law was never at all friendly with arbitration of any form. It was viewed by many as a means of overshadowing and usurpation of the judiciary. The courts were very hostile with it establishment. Their view was that the system was geared to drive them from the office and be rendered jobless through complete ousting of the jurisdiction process (McKelvey, 1957, p.14). To counter the new development, the courts declined to order specific performances of an executor for arbitration and also refused to allow for anything over the nominal damages for a breach of an

Geography Summary :: Papers

Geography Summary A very long time ago, in outer space. There was an atom, invisible to the naked eye. No one knows how the atom was created, it was just there. This atom was very concentrated and very dense. Approximately 30 billion years ago, that atom exploded and out came the material used to create the entire universe. Of course, back then. The universe was very different from today. This is the big bang theory, it wa sproposed by George Gamow a Russian American. According to the theory, the force of the explosion is still making us drift and then will pull us back bringing our existence to an end. When the earth was first created, there was only one continent. It was called Pangea. The Pangea then split up into two smaller continents named respectively Laurasia and Gondowanaland. Finally, both Laurasia and Gondowanaland split up into yet smaller continents, resulting in a final count of 7 continents. This theory is called Continental Drift and it was suggested by Alfred Wegener in 1912. Convection currents is how heat moves in liquids. We find convection currents inside the moho but we can also find convection currents in a pot of boilling water. Convection currents are circles of heat side by side moving in opposite directions. When these happen inside the moho, many things can happen. At some points on the earth parts of the crust can be sucked underground make cracks on the ground. At other places on earth, the currents can push up the crust, thus making a hill. Convection currents are what causes tectonic plates to move. With out convection currents, there probably wouldn`t be any continental drift. As you learnt in the previous paragraph, convection currents take place in the Moho. The Mohorovicic discontinuity is the boundary between the crust and the mantle. The material inside the moho are smi molten rocks.

Child Called It Paper Essay

Uri Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model does a great job of helping to display that child abuse is not an issue that is isolated to the home, but rather a problem that can be confronted on multiple levels. Through his use of a â€Å"target-like† diagram, he is able to show that each systems builds on each other and are interrelated. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model consists of five, linked systems, the Chronosystem, the Macrosystem, the Exosystem, the  Mesosystem, and the Microsystem. To better understand Bronfenbrenner’s model, a walk through each layer of the model using explanations and examples from Dave Pelzer’s memoir, A Child Called â€Å"It†(Pelzer, 1995) is necessary. With the Chronosystem, Bronfenbrenner introduces the idea and understanding that a child’s development would be effected by any major life event that happens to or around the victim that would effect their livelihood and well-being long-term. For an example of this in A Child Called â€Å"It† (Pelzer, 1995), a Chronosystem would be when Dave’s Father no longer stood as Dave’s protector, this is most blatantly seen around the time that Dave’s Mother stabbed him. Dave’s Father had grown â€Å"blind† and desensitized to the actions his wife was taking on their child. Around this same time, Dave’s Father began to not only back away from the issues and problems associated with Dave, but Dave’s Father began to bow out of the issues concerning the entire family. Dave’s Father spent more nights and days away from the house, packing â€Å"overnight† bags, even when Dave knew his Father wasn’t working that nigh t. The actions that his Father took at this crucial time would set Dave up for unending beating and lashings from his Mother. He would no longer be able to find a safe haven in his Father’s arms or ease in the fact that his Father was just down the hallway. Dave’s protector was gone and Dave’s Mother had lost her love and idea of harboring a perfect family. In the Macrosystem, Bronfenbrenner displays a community’s overarching beliefs, attitudes, and values toward the growth and development of a child. In Pelzer’s memoir, this system can best be seen through Dave’s Mother’s own beliefs and attitude toward family. In the chapter, Good Times, from the book (Pelzer, 1995), Dave recalled once living in an extremely loving household with a loving Mother and a terrific Father. Dave’s Mother would often cry, stating how happy she was that she finally had a real family. From this information, it can be inferred that Dave’s Mother came from an unloving household. She may have grown up not truly knowing the meaning of unconditional love and family. She wanted so much for her own family to be perfect, that one negative â€Å"slip-up† would send her on a violent rage.  Perhaps, if Dave’s Mother had grown up under and around a healthy family relationship, Dave’s early, elementary life c ould have been much different. Through the Exosystem, Bronfenbrenner includes the economic system, political system, education system, government system, religious system, neighbors, social services, and mass media into the mix of systems that can influence a child’s development and can be held responsible for a child’s upbringing. In Dave’s memoir, there are many examples of this part of Bronfenbrenner’s model, one example of a neighbor that could have offered aide to Dave would have been Dave’s Boy Scout Den Mother. It would have been clear to the Den Mother that Dave was in utter distress and torment when he ran up to her door to explain why he could not make it to the troop meeting. However, the Den Mother did not seem phased by Dave’s appearance and simply told him she would see him at the next meeting. Another example of this part of the model can be demonstrated through the educators and teachers of Dave’s elementary school when Dave’s mother comes to meet with the professionals of the school to talk about Dave’s wounds and bruises. Dave’s Mother explains to them that Dave had made up these stories with his imagination and was hurting himself because he was trying to gain his parents attention after Dave’s Mother gave birth to her most recent child, making Dave no longer the â€Å"baby† of the family. Instead of sending Dave’s Mother for further questioning, the education professionals took Dave’s Mother’s word for it and dropped the case. In the second to last portion of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model, Bronfenbrenner forms a link between the Exosystem and the Microsystem; linking of religion, school, and/or healthcare with the family home life. This all occurs in the Mesosystem. An example of this system is demonstrated by the fact that Dave’s principal does not confront Dave’s mother about his concerns and Dave’s injuries anymore. In his memoir, Dave recalls a time that his principal did, in fact, confront Dave’s mother about Daveà ¢â‚¬â„¢s injuries, however after doing so, Dave went home and came back to school the next day with wounds and bruises that were even worse than the ones that the principal had originally called to confront Dave’s Mother about. Ever since then, Dave’s principal did not try to contact Dave’s mother about his increasing amount of injuries. Last, but not least, is Bronfenbrenner’s section on the Microsystem, he works to  involve the family, peers, school, workplace, church, and/or health services in the development and assessment of child abuse outside the home. For this, there are many examples within Dave’s memoir, such as, when Dave’s peers at school reject and ridicule him based on the way he dresses, looks, and smells, instead of sensing that something was terribly wrong. Of course, the children in Dave’s class were young, like him, and may not have fully understood Dave’s situation, however, a substitute teacher, one day, in one of Dave’s classrooms, joined the other children in the humiliation of Dave. She fanned her nose and held out his assignment at arms length. The teacher should have known better and should have been trained to spot the warning signs of abuse. Another good example of a Microsystem working in Dave’s story would be when Dave’s brothers walked past Dave standing and staring at himself in the mirror, reciting, â€Å"I’m a bad boy!† over and over again. Instead of saying something to their Father or Mother, they shrugged off the action and continued to play as normal. As the brothers grew, they continued not to intervene when Dave’s Mother would beat Dave. In fact, there were some instances when they would even make the situation worse for Dave. Dave understood that they were probably just trying to save their own skin from their Mother’s wrath, but as the children grew, they should have known better. Together they would have been able to team up and get the help to their Mother that she truly needed. All in all, Uri Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model does a wonderful job of displaying the systems of child abuse in a way that helps one to understand that child abuse is not just isolated to the home, but is instead a problem that can effect and needs to be confronted on many different levels. His model does so by having each larger system build on and link to the systems below. This shows that every link is interrelated and each issue/problem builds on one another. When a community works together to notice and bring attention to a child that is suffering abuse, that is when true progress can be made to get that child and family the help that they need. Reference: Pelzer, D. (1995). A Child Called â€Å"It†. Health Communications, Incorporated.

Definition and Examples of Irony (Figure of Speech)

Irony is the use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Similarly, irony may be a statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea. Adjective: ironic or ironical. Also known as  eironeia, illusio, and the dry mock. Three kinds of irony are commonly recognized: Verbal irony is a trope in which the intended meaning of a statement differs from the meaning that the words appear to express.Situational irony involves an incongruity between what is expected or intended and what actually occurs.Dramatic irony is an effect produced by a narrative in which the audience knows more about the present or future circumstances than a character in the story. In light of these different varieties of irony, Jonathan Tittler has concluded that irony has meant and means so many different things to different people that rarely is there a meeting of minds as to its particular sense on a given occasion (quoted by Frank Stringfellow in The Meaning of Irony, 1994). Etymology From the Greek, feigned ignorance Examples and Observations EarthA planet doesnt explode of itself, said drilyThe Martian astronomer, gazing off into the air—That they were able to do it is proof that highlyIntelligent beings must have been living there.(John Hall Wheelock, Earth)Kampenfeldt: This is a grave matter, a very grave matter. It has just been reported to me that youve been expressing sentiments hostile to the Fatherland.Schwab: What, me sir?Kampenfeldt: I warn you, Schwab, such treasonable conduct will lead you to a concentration camp.Schwab: But sir, what did I say?Kampenfeldt: You were distinctly heard to remark, This is a fine country to live in.Schwab: Oh, no, sir. Theres some mistake. No, what I said was, This is a fine country to live in.Kampenfeldt: Huh? You sure?Schwab: Yes sir.Kampenfeldt: I see. Well, in future dont make remarks that can be taken two ways.(Raymond Huntley and Eliot Makeham in Night Train to Munich, 1940)Gentlemen, you cant fight in here! This is the War Room.(Peter Sellers as President Merkin Muffl ey in Dr. Strangelove, 1964)It is a fitting irony that under Richard Nixon, launder became a dirty word.(William Zinsser)Irony in Mark Twains Novel Puddnhead WilsonDavid Wilson, the title character of Puddnhead Wilson, is a master of irony. In fact, his use of irony permanently marks him. When he first arrives in Dawsons Landing in 1830, he makes an ironic remark that the villagers cannot understand. Distracted by the annoying yelping of an unseen dog, he says, I wished I owned half of that dog. When asked why, he replies, Because I would kill my half. He does not really want to own half the dog, and he probably does not really want to kill it; he merely wants to silence it and knows killing half the dog would kill the whole animal and achieve the desired effect. His remark is a simple example of irony, and the failure of the villagers to understand it causes them immediately to brand Wilson a fool and nickname him puddnhead. The very title of the novel is, therefore, based on irony , and that irony is compounded by the fact that Wilson is anything but a fool.(R. Kent Rasmussen, Blooms How to Write About Mark Twain. Infobase, 2008)Irony in Shakespeares Play Julius CaesarA classic example of irony is Mark Antonys speech in Shakespeares Julius Caesar. Although Antony declares, I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him, and declares that the assassins are honorable men, he means just the opposite.(Bryan Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009)Uses and Characteristics of IronyIrony may be used as a rhetorical device to enforce ones meaning. It may be used . . . as a satiric device to attack a point of view or to expose folly, hypocrisy, or vanity. It may be used as a heuristic device to lead ones readers to see that things are not so simple or certain as they seem, or perhaps not so complex or doubtful as they seem. It is probable that most irony is rhetorical, satirical, or heuristic. . . .In the first place irony is a double-layered or two-story phenomenon. . . . In the second place, there is always some kind of opposition that may take the form of contradiction, incongruity, or incompatibility. . . . In the third place, there is in irony an element of innocence.(D.C. Muecke, The Compass of Irony. Methuen, 1969)An Age of IronyIt is sometimes said that we live in an age of irony. Irony in this sense may be found, for example, all throughout The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. Suppose you hear a political candidate give a terribly long speech, one that rambles on and on without end. Afterward, you might turn to a friend sitting next to you, roll your eyes, and say, Well, that was short and to the point, wasnt it? You are being ironic. You are counting on your friend to turn the literal meaning of your expression, to read it as exactly the opposite of what your words actually mean. . . .When irony works, it helps to cement social bonds and mutual understanding because the speaker and hearer of irony both know to turn t he utterance, and they know that the other one knows they will turn the utterance. . . .Irony is a kind of winking at each other, as we all understand the game of meaning reversal that is being played.(Barry Brummett, Techniques of Close Reading. Sage, 2010)Irony as Mass TherapyIrony has always been a primary tool the under-powered use to tear at the over-powered in our culture. But now irony has become the bait that media corporations use to appeal to educated consumers. . . . Its almost an ultimate irony that those who say they dont like TV will sit and watch TV as long as the hosts of their favorite shows act like they dont like TV, either. Somewhere in this swirl of droll poses and pseudo-insights, irony itself becomes a kind of mass therapy for a politically confused culture. It offers a comfortable space where complicity doesnt feel like complicity. It makes you feel like you are counter-cultural while never requiring you to leave the mainstream culture it has so much fun teas ing. We are happy enough with this therapy that we feel no need to enact social change.(Dan French, review of The Daily Show, 2001)Alanis Morissettes IronicAlanis Morissettes Ironic, in which situations purporting to be ironic are merely sad, random, or annoying (a traffic jam when youre late, a no-smoking sign on your cigarette break) perpetuates widespread misuse of the word and outrages irony prescriptivists. It is, of course, ironic that Ironic is an unironic song about irony. Bonus irony: Ironic is widely cited as an example of how Americans dont get irony, despite the fact that Alanis Morissette is Canadian.(Jon Winokur, The Big Book of Irony. St. Martins, 2007)Direct expression, with no tricks, gimmickry, or irony, has come to be interpreted ironically because the default interpretive apparatus says, He cant really mean THAT! When a culture becomes ironic about itself en masse, simple statements of brutal fact, simple judgments of hate or dislike become humorous because they unveil the absurdity, friendliness, and caution of normal public expression. Its funny because its true. Honestly. Were all upside down now.(R. Jay Magill, Jr., Chic Ironic Bitterness. University of Michigan Press, 2007)Alan Bennett on IronyWere conceived in irony. We float in it from the womb. Its the amniotic fluid. Its the silver sea. Its the waters at their priest-like task, washing away guilt and purpose and responsibility. Joking but not joking. Caring but not caring. Serious but not serious.(Hilary in The Old Country by Alan Bennett, 1977)Thomas Carlyle on IronyAn ironic man, with his sly stillness, and ambuscading ways, more especially an ironic young man, from whom it is least expected, may be viewed as a pest to society.(Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdrockh, 1833-34)Irony DeficiencyIrony deficiency  is an  informal term for the inability to recognize, comprehend, and/or utilize  irony--that is,  a tendency to interpret  fig urative language  in a  literal  way.-  Mobsters are reputedly huge fans of  The Godfather. They don’t see it as a tale of individual moral corruption. They see it as a nostalgia trip to better days for the mob.(Jonah Goldberg, The Irony of Irony.  National Review, April 28, 1999)-  Irony deficiency  is directly proportional to the strength of the political commitment or religious fervor. True believers of all persuasions are irony deficient. . . .Brutal dictators are irony deficient--take Hitler, Stalin, Kim Jong-il, and Saddam Hussein, a world-class vulgarian whose art collection consisted of kitsch paintings displayed unironically.(Jon Winokur,  The Big Book of Irony. Macmillan, 2007)-  Here is something ironic: We live at a time when our diets are richer in irony than ever before in human history, yet millions of us suffer from that silent crippler,  irony deficiency  . . . not so much a deficiency in irony itself, but an inability to utilize the a bundance of irony all around us.(Swami Beyondananda,  Duck Soup for the Soul. Hysteria, 1999)-  Will people who detect a lack of irony in other cultures never stop to consider that this may be a sign of their own  irony deficiency? Maybe its defensible when the apes detect a lack of irony in Charlton Heston in  Planet of the Apes, but not when, say, Brits detect it in, say, Americans as a race . . .. The point of irony, after all, is to say things behind peoples backs to their faces. If you look around the poker table and cant tell who the pigeon is, its you.(Roy Blount, Jr., How to Talk Southern.  The New York Times, Nov. 21, 2004)The Lighter Side of IronyRachel Berry: Mr. Schuester, do you have any idea how ridiculous it is to give the lead solo in Sit Down, Youre Rocking the Boat to a boy in a wheelchair?Artie Abrams: I think Mr. Schue is using irony to enhance the performance.Rachel Berry: Theres nothing ironic about show choir!(Pilot episode of Glee, 2009)​Woma n: I started riding these trains in the forties. Those days a man would give up his seat for a woman. Now were liberated and we have to stand.Elaine: Its ironic.Woman: Whats ironic?Elaine: This, that weve come all this way, we have made all this progress, but you know weve lost the little things, the niceties.Woman: No, I mean what does ironic mean?Elaine: Oh.​(The Subway, Seinfeld, Jan. 8 1992)Im aware of the irony of appearing on TV in order to decry it.(Sideshow Bob, The Simpsons)Math was my worst subject because I could never persuade the teacher that my answers were meant ironically.(Calvin Trillin)Lyn Cassady: Its okay, you can attack me.Bob Wilton: Whats with the quotation fingers? Its like saying Im only capable of ironic attacking or something.​(The Men Who Stare at Goats, 2009) Pronunciation: I-ruh-nee